During the period of Renaissance in England, spanning from 1460 to 1650, the country witnessed a remarkable resurgence in artistic and intellectual pursuits with a primary focus on art, literature, and fashion. The passing of the "Act of Supremacy" in 1534 was a significant event during this time as it allowed King Henry VIII to divert church fortunes towards promoting art. The trend of using jewelry as an emblem of wealth and power grew extensively during this period while clothing embellished with bejeweled hooks remained trendy among people. Queen Elizabeth I's fondness for intricate clothing and jewelry is widely recognized. With the advent of the era, individualism and humanism grew in significance as classical works of literature and art were studied, thereby contributing to the development of the modern world.

During the Renaissance period, Portugal underwent a significant cultural and economic transformation. In addition to the flourishing of the arts, sciences, and exploration, this period saw the rise of wealthy merchant families and the patronage of the arts by the royal court.

One of the most significant achievements of the period was the discovery of the sea passage to India by Vasco da Gama in 1498. This led to the growth of the gem trade, as India became the main supplier of diamonds, and rubies became highly valued among the Maharajas and Mughals.

During the second half of the 16th century, a more restrained style was promoted through the influential court of Spain's Philip II. Men, in particular, wore very little jewelry, while during the long reign of England's Elizabeth I, emphasis was placed on extravagant adornment of women. The voyages of discovery sponsored by the Spanish and Portuguese courts towards the end of the 15th century significantly influenced the trade in precious stones. Columbus' discovery of the New World in 1492 increased the meager supplies of emeralds in Europe. Together with large quantities of gold and silver from South America, these gems contributed to Spain's immeasurable wealth.

During the Renaissance period, Italy was a major center for jewelry production and innovation, with wealthy city-states such as Florence and Venice leading the way in new styles and techniques. These styles were spread through Europe through trade and travel, with the use of engraved designs and the circulation of new designs leading to a rapid international spread. Italian goldsmiths were known for their skill and craftsmanship, and the use of precious stones, pearls, enamel and intricate designs were common features of Italian Renaissance jewelry, which were also used in other luxury items such as liturgical objects and personal adornments. The Renaissance period also saw the emergence of new style of jewelry influenced by classical world, characterized by refined and elegant aesthetics and highly sought after by the wealthy and powerful.